For the Birds: White-crowned Sparrow—the serenader of parking lots

Puget Sound White-crowned sparrow (PSWS)
Photo by Whitney Hartshorne

By Christine Southwick

In April and May, parking lots are a place of serenading beauty:  one long note, followed by several trilled notes. The White-crowned Sparrow males are claiming territory, each loudly vying for a mate.  Since this species likes open spaces, it has adapted well to human expansion, often being heard in city centers that have trees and shrubs. In the Puget Sound area White-crowned Sparrows are here year-round.  Most are migratory, so like the American Robins, the ones we see in the summer probably are not the same ones we see in the winter.

The female will make her nest near the ground, in low shrubs, even in plants in garden nurseries.  All a seasonally monogamous pair needs is sufficient cover for the nest, and a nearby perch for observation.  The 3-5 nestlings will hop out of the nest 7-10 days after hatching, long before they can fly, since ground nests are so vulnerable to predators. Both parents feed their young, with the male often feeding them exclusively if the female sits on a second brood.

This nest was built in a Shoreline plant nursery on Aurora.
The owners sacrificed a tray of flowers so the birds would not be disturbed during nesting.
Photo by Christine Southwick

Here in the Puget Sound area, the sub-species that breeds here is named the Puget Sound White-crowned Sparrow.  You can tell it from the other subspecies by its yellow, not orange, bill, and the back pattern has blackish centers with tan edges. There is a difference in the song too, but I haven’t learned to distinguish between the Puget Sound White-crowned Sparrow and the Gambel’s with any accuracy yet. The Gambel’s White-crowned Sparrow passes through this area in the winter on its way to California. In the spring and summer, if you see a White-crowned Sparrow in western Washington, it will be a Puget Sound White-crowned Sparrow, with very few exceptions.

Parents watching over the nest
Photo by Christine Southwick

During breeding, white-crowned stay in pairs, in the winter they flock as they roam around looking for seeds in weedy patches.  This is another sparrow that has learned to use blackberry brambles for food and winter shelter.

So next time you are shopping, and you hear a long note followed by several others, look at the parking lot trees, or lamp posts.  Chances are you will spot the White-crowned Sparrow in plain view, who is serenading the area, and you will find that you step a little lighter due to music in the parking lot.

Christine Southwick is on the Board of the Puget Sound Bird Observatory and is their Winter Urban Color-banding Project Manager. She is a National Wildlife Federation Certified Wildlife Habitat Steward, having completed their forty hour class. We're happy that she is sharing her expertise with us about the birds in our backyards.


For previous For the Birds columns, click on the link under the Features section on the main webpage.